高考英语语法解析:分词

2019-09-26 19:22:01

分词 Participle

分词、动名词、不定式作定语时的区别

分词作状语和不定式作状语的区别

不定式作状语:主要是作目的状语和结果状语,还有一些作原因状语;

分词作状语:一般表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况。(很少用于目的和结果)表原因的不定式

I’m sorry to hear that./ They rejoiced to get together first.

表原因的分词短语【在句子任何位置都可以,而且要带有逗号】

The doctor, not wishing to make her nervous, didn’t fully explain the seriousness of her condition.

用作介词或连词的分词

supposing, 假设、假如、设想 according to, 按照

considering, 认为 including, 包括 granted, 认为

独立主格

分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时分词短语带有自己的主语,(他们之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系)。这个逻辑上的主语一般是由名词担任,在分词短语之前,我们称之为独立主格。

Because it is Sunday, you needn’t go to school.

It being Sunday, you needn’t go to school.

After all the officials had arrived, the meeting was declared open.

All the officials having arrived, the meeting was declared open.

If weather permits, we’ll go to the Summer Palace.

Weather permitting, We’ll go to the Summer Palace.

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